1862 CE - Union general George B. McClellan halts the northward drive of Robert E. Lee's Confederate army at the Battle of Antietam during the American Civil War, the bloodiest day in US military history.
Photo of the Day
Sign for Route 66 near Needles, California.
In the News
US General Says Cannot Rule Out Larger Ground Role in Iraq
UN Chief Urges Nations to 'Act Decisively' on ISIS
Polls Show Scottish Opponents of Independence with Slight Lead Ahead of Vote
Russia Needs Government Investment to Avoid Recession, Says Former Finance Minister
Fact or Fiction?: The Ebola Virus Will Go Airborne
UN Chief Urges Nations to 'Act Decisively' on ISIS
Polls Show Scottish Opponents of Independence with Slight Lead Ahead of Vote
Russia Needs Government Investment to Avoid Recession, Says Former Finance Minister
Fact or Fiction?: The Ebola Virus Will Go Airborne
Quote of the Day
"When a man steals your wife, there is no better revenge than to let him keep her". --Sacha Guitry
Song of the Day
Artist - Pennywise
Album - About Time
Film of the Day
Directors - The Wachowskis, Tom Tykwer
Starring - Tom Hanks, Halle Berry, Hugo Weaving
Wiki of the Day
Hypertonia is a term sometimes used synonymously with spasticity in the literature surrounding damage to the central nervous system, namely upper motor brain lesions.[1] Impaired ability of damaged motor neurons to regulate descending pathways gives rise to disordered spinal reflexes, increased excitability of muscle spindles, and decreased synaptic inhibition.[2] These consequences result in abnormally increased muscle tone of symptomatic muscles.[3] Some authors suggest that the current definition for spasticity, the velocity-dependent over-activity of the stretch reflex, is not sufficient as it fails to take into account patients exhibiting increased muscle tone in the absence of stretch reflex over-activity. They instead suggest that “reversible hypertonia” is more appropriate and represents a treatable condition that is responsive to various therapy modalities like drug and/or physical therapy.[4]
Symptoms associated with central nervous systems disorders are classified into positive and negative categories. Positive symptoms include those that increase muscle activity through hyper-excitability of the stretch reflex (i.e., rigidity and spasticity) where negative symptoms include those of insufficient muscle activity (i.e. weakness) and reduced motor function.[5] Often the two classifications are thought to be separate entities of a disorder; however, some authors propose that they may be closely related.[6]
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